Education
École Polytechnique.
officer Soldier Minister of War
École Polytechnique.
He succeeded Godefroy Cavaignac. A general, he was previously governor of Paris, and he accepted the vacant post of minister of war at the personal request of the president of the republic. He was closely involved in the Resolution of the Dreyfus Affair.
His successor was Charles Chanoine.
He also was cross-eyed.
He was an honest soldier, but narrow-minded. Insults in the press did not fail to affect him.