Background

SHAPLEY, Lloyd was born on June 2, 1923 in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Son of Harlow Shapley and Matha Betz Shapley.

Education

He attended Phillips Exeter Academy.

He studied at Harvard when he was drafted at 1943. After the war, he returned to Harvard and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in mathematics in 1948.

In 1949 Lloyd Shapley went to Princeton University, where he recieved a Ph.D. in 1953.

Career

In 1943 Lloyd Shapley was drafted. From 1948 to 1949 he worked at the RAND Corporation. After working at the RAND Corporation, he went to Princeton University where he received a Ph.D. in 1953. His thesis and post-doctoral work introduced the Shapley value and the core solution in game theory. After graduating, he remained at Princeton for a short time before going back to the RAND corporation from 1954 to 1981. Since 1981 he has been a Professor Emeritus at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), affiliated with departments of Mathematics and Economics.

Achievements

• Shapley value (1953)

• Shapley–Shubik power index (1954)

• Stochastic games (1950s)

• Bondareva-Shapley theorem (1960s)

• Shapley–Folkman lemma & theorem (1969)

• Gale–Shapley algorithm (1962)

• Core, kernel and nucleolus
  
  market games

• Authority distribution

• Multi-person utility

• Non-atomic games

• Board game "So Long Sucker" (with Mel Hausner, John Forbes Nash, and Martin Shubik, 1950)

• Potential game

Works

• article

  • A Value for n-person Games

  • Stochastic Games

  • A Method for Evaluating the Distribution of Power in a Committee System

  • College Admissions and the Stability of Marriage

  • Simple Games : An Outline of the Descriptive Theory

  • On Balanced Sets and Cores

  • On Market Games

  • Utility Comparison and the Theory of Games

  • Cores of Convex Games

  • The Assignment Game I: The Core

  • Values of Non-Atomic Games

  • Mathematical Properties of the Banzhaf Power Index

  • Long-Term Competition – A Game-Theoretic Analysis

  • Potential Games

  • On Authority Distributions in Organizations

  • Multiperson Utility

Connections

Father:

Harlow Shapley

distinguished astronomer

Mother:

Martha Shapley (Betz)

Doctoral advisor:

Albert W. Tucker

mathematician

Influence:

John von Neumann

mathematician

Collegue, Co-author:

Martin Shubik

economist

Collegue, Co-author:

Jon Folkman

mathematician

Collegue, Co-author:

David Gale

mthematician, economist

Collegue, Co-author:

Robert Aumann

mathematician

Collegue, Co-author:

Pradeep Dubey

economist, game theorist

Collegue, Co-author, Co-inventor of a board game "So Long Sucker":

John Nash, Jr

mathematician