Background
ANICHKOV, Nikolay was born on November 3, 1885.
ANICHKOV, Nikolay was born on November 3, 1885.
1909 graduated St. Petersburg Military Medicine Academy, and remained there until 1912 to specialize in pathological anatomy.
Until 1912 specialized in pathological anatomy at St. Petersburg Military Med Academy. 1912 defended doctor’s thesis and sent on sci assignment to Germany. 1913-1914 postgraduate studies in Germany at laboratories of Aschoff, Chiari and others.
From 1914 army physician. 1916-1919 lecturer. Department of Pathological Anatomy, Petrograd Military Med Academy. 1919-1939 head, Department of General Pathology, 1939-1946 head, Department of Pathological Anatomy, above acad.
1920-1964 head, Department of Pathological Anatomy, Institute of Experimental Med, USSR Academy of Med Sciences, Leningrad. 1946-1954 president, USSR Academy of Med Sciences. Formed Leningrad school of pathologists.
Member, Learned Med Council, USSR Ministry of Health. Ed and co-ed of many medical publ, including Soviet encyclopedias, journal Arkhiv patologii and multi-volume Opyt sovetskoy meditsiny v Velikoy Otechestvennoy voyne 1941-1945 gg. (Soviet Medical Experience in the 1941-1945 Great Fatherland War).
Member, ed council, journal Patologicheskaya fiziologiya i eksperimental’nayu terapiya. Member, sci editorial board, international journal ’’Living Conditions and Health”. Deputy USSR Supreme Soviet of 1946 convocation.
Research on vascular pathology (atherosclerosis, atheromatosis, hypertonia), heart diseases, infections, morphology of wound healing, the reticuloendothelial system, interrelation of centers of the medulla oblongata, pattern of functioned disorders in connection with anemia of the brain, battle traumas, etc. 1912 described in detail inflammatory lesions in the myocardium of rabbits and was first to reveal unusual cells with chromatin in an infiltrate (Anichkov’s myocytes). 1913 in conjunction with S.S. Khalatov, described experimental model of atherosclerosis and proved that hypercholesterolemia arising from a diet rich in cholesterol causes atherosclerosis in rabbits as a result of infiltration of the intima of the aorta and the arteries by lipoids.
With pupils later ascertained role of various factors determining atherosclerotic vascular lesions (nervous and hormonal effects, blood supply of the vascular wall, condition of connective tissue, etc). Works on atherosclerosis and the reticuloendothelial system earned him worldwide reputation. In conjunction with his pupils, gave classic description of wound healing in man and was first to ciscribe role of fat cell in course of wound process.
Created new trend in study of infectious processes and developed theory of autoinfection. With pupils, also developed and made detailed study of models of experimental appendicitis and pleurisy.
Since religion offers a complete set of answers to the problems of purpose, morality, origins, or science, it discourages exploration of those areas by suppressing curiosity, denies its followers a broader perspective, and prevents social, moral and scientific progress.
Marxism–Leninism as the only truth could not, by its very nature, become outdated.
Member, USSR Academy of Sciences from 1939. Member, USSR Academy of Med Sciences from 1944. Correspondent member, East German Academy of Sciences from 1963.