Background
Pietro Della Valle was born in Rome on 2 April 1586, to a wealthy and noble family.
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Pietro Della Valle was born in Rome on 2 April 1586, to a wealthy and noble family.
His early life was spent in the pursuit of literature and arms. He was a cultivated man, who knew Latin, Greek, classical mythology, and the Bible.
Valle vowed to make a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, and on June 8, 1614, he sailed from Venice for Istanbul, where he remained a year, learning Turkish and Arabic. On Sept. 25, 1615, he left for Jerusalem by way of Alexandria, Cairo, and Mount Sinai. After visiting the holy sites, he proceeded to Damascus and Baghdad, where he married a Syrian Christian woman, and to Eṣfahān, Persia (now in Iran), which he reached early in 1617. He attended the court of Shāh ʿAbbās I and then resumed his journey with his wife. She died at Persepolis, Persia (1621), and Valle transported her embalmed remains with him on his journey. He reached Surat in northwestern India in 1623 and, for about a year, continued southward along the coast to Calicut (Kozhikode). By way of Basra, in southern Mesopotamia, and the desert route to Aleppo, Syria, Valle finally reached Rome on March 28, 1626.
In Rome he was appointed a gentleman of the bedchamber by Pope Urban VIII. He recorded his travels in a series of letters published in three volumes: Turkey (1650), Persia (1658), and India (1663). He died in Rome on 21 April 1652, and is buried at his family's burial vault at Santa Maria in Aracoeli.
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He became a member of the Roman Accademia degli Umoristi, and acquired some reputation as a versifier and rhetorician.
After visiting the holy sites, Pietro traveled from Damascus to Aleppo. After seeing a portrait of the beautiful Assyrian Christian Sitti Maani Gioerida, he went to Baghdad and married her a month later. He married his second wife, Mariuccia (Tinatin de Ziba), a Georgian orphan of a noble family.