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This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
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The Myth of the Birth of the Hero: A Psychological Interpretation of Mythology (Translated)
(-English Translation by professional psychologists famili...)
-English Translation by professional psychologists familiar with the Freudian theories used in the text.
Written by Otto Rank, an Austrian psychologist who was a member of Sigmund Freud's inner circle, this was the seminal work applying the psychoanalytic method to mythology and literature. The later work of Carl Jung and Joseph Campbell's famous Hero with a Thousand Faces owe much to Rank's work.
It includes not only familiar Classical and Teutonic mythologies, but legends from India as well as analysis of Judeo-Christian figures as myth.
Essentials of Nervous Diseases and Insanity: Their Symptoms and Treatment
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This work has been selected by scholars as being cultur...)
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.
This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.
As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
(Originally published in 1918, this is a comprehensive and...)
Originally published in 1918, this is a comprehensive and informative look at the subject of Psychoanalysis. Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. We are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork.
The Modern Treatment of Nervous and Mental Diseases Volume 2
(This is a reproduction of a classic text optimised for ki...)
This is a reproduction of a classic text optimised for kindle devices. We have endeavoured to create this version as close to the original artefact as possible. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we believe they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.
Smith Ely Jelliffe was an American neurologist, psychiatrist, and psychoanalyst. Originally trained in botany and pharmacy, Jelliffe switched first to neurology in the mid-1890s then to psychiatry, neuropsychiatry, and ultimately to psychoanalysis.
Background
Jelliffe was born on October 27, 1866, in New York City and grew up in Brooklyn. His father, William Munson Jelliffe, was a teacher and ultimately principal in the Brooklyn public schools; his mother, Susan Emma (Kitchell) Jelliffe, had also been a teacher. Jelliffe had a sister nine years his senior, who had a large hand in his upbringing, and a younger brother; two older brothers died in childhood. Jelliffe's childhood was normal and active, and family legend has it that he was early renowned for his mental abilities.
Education
As a boy he had a strong interest in botany and natural history, but at his father's insistence he enrolled in the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute to study civil engineering, graduating in 1886. In order to gratify his scientific interests and at the same time enter a profession that might make him more acceptable to his future wife's family, he enrolled in the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York City, from which he received his M. D. in 1889. In later years, finding that academic preferment required additional degrees, he took an A. B. at Brooklyn Polytechnic in 1896 and, at Columbia, a Ph. D. in 1899 and an A. M. in 1900 - a sequence possible then.
Career
After a year's internship at St. Mary's Hospital, Brooklyn, and a Wanderjahr abroad financed by his mother's cousin Smith Ely, former mayor of New York, Jelliffe began general practice in Brooklyn. Having a prodigious capacity for work, he turned his hand to a variety of activities to fill his time and augment his income. He taught night school, did part-time hospital pathological and clinical work, and acted as a Board of Health sanitary inspector. Like other young physicians of his time, he earned money by writing anonymous editorial material and book reviews for medical journals. His boyhood attraction to botany had developed into an interest in pharmacology, and in 1894 he was appointed instructor of pharmacognosy and materia medica in the New York College of Pharmacy.
Jelliffe's early signed publications dealt with botany and pharmacology, and from 1897 to 1901 he edited the Journal of Pharmacology, published by the New York College of Pharmacy. Meanwhile he had spent the summer of 1896 at the Binghamton State Hospital, where he combined a country sojourn with earning a little money. There he met William Alanson White, a staff member who was to become head of St. Elizabeths, the government hospital in Washington. Their friendship, which grew closer with the years, helped turn Jelliffe's attention to psychiatry. Although Jelliffe acted as an alienist in the courts - one of his major study trips to Europe was financed by his fee for testifying in the famous trial (1906) of Harry Thaw for the murder of the architect Stanford White - he was at first primarily a neurologist, specializing in outpatients rather than a hospital clientele. As such he was able easily to change his practice later to psychoanalysis.
Although Jelliffe gained fame as a specialist in nervous and mental diseases and was honored by foreign society memberships, he was not one of the profession's small elite. He held only relatively minor and unprestigious teaching and hospital posts. In 1907 he gave up teaching pharmacology and until 1913 was clinical professor of mental diseases in the ill-fated Fordham University medical school - the most substantial teaching post he ever held. While there he helped bring Carl G. Jung for a lecture series (1912) that precipitated the famous break between Jung and Freud. Jelliffe belonged to a large number of professional societies, attended meetings, and spoke often. But it is significant of his position in the profession that he was not elected president of the American Neurological Association until 1929-1930. He felt himself, correctly, to be something of a maverick among conventional neurologists and psychiatrists. Much of Jelliffe's maverick status derived from his embracing psychoanalysis - one of the first gentiles to do so - at a relatively early date. Jelliffe took up the practice of psychoanalysis and advocated the psychoanalytic viewpoint. Even within the movement, however, he remained a nonconformist and used analysis in his own way. For a long time he honored variant analysts almost as much as Freud. From the beginning of his psychoanalytic practice he utilized lay analysts who worked under his supervision in his office. American analysts forced the psychoanalytic movement to operate within strictly medical channels, much to the disgust of Freud, but not until well into the 1920's did Jelliffe abandon the use of lay analysis and move closer to American orthodoxy.
Always the physician, he ultimately became more "medical" than his psychiatric colleagues and earned the title of "Father of Psychosomatic Medicine" for his work on psychic determinants of organic pathology. Jelliffe had "no penchant or talent for teaching, " and hence left no pupils closely identified with his viewpoint. His writing and speaking tended to be brilliant but unsystematic, his original ideas lost in a mountain of erudition, as he himself once observed. His greatest influence came through purveying the ideas of others. Although Jelliffe carried on a large and successful private practice, a continuing and important thread in his career was his editorial role.
From 1900 to 1905 he served as editor of the weekly Medical News, and for the four following years as co-editor of its successor, the New York Medical Journal - one of the two or three leading medical journals of the country. Meanwhile, in 1899 he had begun editorial work on the Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, a leading monthly in neurology and psychiatry, and in 1902 he became its owner and managing editor. For more than a decade and a half another neurologist, William G. Spiller, edited the original articles and Jelliffe the rest - editorials, book reviews, and summaries of foreign literature. The Journal was still close to the top position in its field when he retired as editor in 1945. The venture was always profitable, even after what appeared to him as the deliberate attempt of some old-line neurologists to draw patronage away by founding the Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry in 1919. Jelliffe believed that he had offended the neurology "establishment" by including a large amount of psychoanalytic material.
In 1913 much of this material was taken out and placed in the new Psychoanalytic Review, edited jointly by Jelliffe and White, but Jelliffe soon reverted to carrying a substantial amount of psychoanalytic material in the Journal. Unlike many editors, Jelliffe was extremely catholic in what he chose to include. The most technical histological or clinical contributions were printed next to literary or philosophical essays or reviews. For decades Jelliffe was acknowledged as unexcelled in America in his grasp of neurological literature. A monograph series sponsored by the Journal provided an outlet for papers that were unlikely to find commercial publishers; from 1907 to 1943, sixty-nine volumes appeared in the series, some of them in several editions. They were mostly translations, including obscure but important neurological works and the first English translations of the new psychoanalytic literature. Jelliffe's influence on American physicians was exerted chiefly through his editorial work and by the famous textbook, Diseases of the Nervous System, written with White, which went through six editions between 1915 and 1935. In his later years Jelliffe suffered from Paget's disease, with resulting impairment of memory and increasing deafness. He died at his summer home at Huletts Landing, New York, on Lake George at the age of seventy-eight, on September 25, 1945, of uremia caused by carcinoma of the prostate. He was buried in the family plot in Dresden Township, New York.
Achievements
Jelliffe's most important contributions were made in the field of psychosomatic medicine. These were collected in his Sketches in Psychosomatic Medicine. His attachment to Charles Darwin's theories led him to promote the field of "paleopsychology" to study the psychological determinants of somatic illnesses. His theoretical and speculative work was usually based on his mastery of the neurological-psychiatric literature.
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Membership
Jelliffe served as President of the American Neurological Association (1929-1930).
Personality
In his maturity, Jelliffe was a tall, portly man. He was a humanist, interested in the individuality of his patients and the total human drama.
Interests
Vigorous and energetic, Jelliffe enjoyed swimming, tennis, eating, theatergoing, and the good life in general; and he was a superb and witty conversationalist.
Connections
On December 20, 1894, Jelliffe married his longtime fiancée, Helena Dewey Leeming of Brooklyn, and to move to New York City. They had five children. Mrs. Jelliffe died in 1916, and on December 20, 1917, Jelliffe married Bee Dobson, who later wrote under the name of Belinda Jelliffe.
