(This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of th...)
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(This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before ...)
This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
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(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
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(Excerpt from Informe del Senador T. C. De Mosquera a las ...)
Excerpt from Informe del Senador T. C. De Mosquera a las Comisiones Reunidas del Credito Publico Encargado por vosotros de formular un proyecto de lei que centralize i recopi1e todas las disposiciones legales de la materia, tengo el honor de presentaros el adj unto proyecto 'que deberá considerarse como la lei orgánica i fundamental del Crédito nacional. Antes de entrar a desenvolver la estructura del pro yecto, debo haceros algunas observaciones nacidas del estado en que se encuentra la República en materia de rentas; i por cierto que es mui triste la idea que sumi nistran los datos que se nos han pasado de la Secretaría de Hacienda. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
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(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book.
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(Excerpt from Discurso del Presidente Provisorio de los Es...)
Excerpt from Discurso del Presidente Provisorio de los Estados Unidos de Colombia, en la Instalación de la Convención Nacional El partido centralista i de la escuela retrógrada, que soñaba con la alianza entre el Poder públicº i la Potestad eclesiástica, creia encontrar la resºlucion del problema en fundar gobiernºs fuertes, como mediº adecuadº para gobernar, i atribuía nuestra instabílídad al deseo vehemente del pueblo de fundar gobiernos prºpios, que respetando la soberanía ínmanente de cada uno de ellos, estableciera grandes nacionalidades federales. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
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Mosquera was born in Popayán, on September 26, 1798. His parents were wealthy farm-owner José María de Mosquera-Figueroa y Arboleda and María Manuela de Arboleda y Arrachea, both from prestigious families. His brother Joaquín was President of Gran Colombia, his brother Manuel José was Archbishop of Bogotá, and his brother Manuel María was a diplomat.
From 1820, when he became a captain in the patriot army, to 1830, by which year he was a general, Mosquera rose rapidly in military and administrative rank. An enthusiastic partisan of Simón Bolivar's dictatorship (1828 - 1830), at its fall he went on an extended tour of Europe and the United States (1831 - 1833). During 1834-1837 Mosquera was a leader of the congressional opposition to Francisco de Paula Santander's regime.
Mosquera became secretary of war under President José lgnacio de Márquez in 1838. Mosquera's success as a battlefield commander in the civil war of 1839-1842, although marred by acts of cruelty, firmly established his military and political reputation.
The Presidency After diplomatic missions to Chile and Peru (1842 - 1845), Mosquera returned to win the presidency. His first administration (1845 - 1849) was the most constructive in 19th-century Colombia.
It sponsored substantive developments in transportation (steamboats, railroads, highways, and canals), education (technical and classical), and scientific research and marked a dramatic shift from a colonial-style fiscal system toward one based on free trade. In business in the United States from 1850 to 1854, Mosquera returned in 1854 to participate in the Liberal-Conservative military effort against the dictatorship of General José María.
Mosquera failed to create a third party and lost his bid for the presidency in 1856. He did win the presidency of his native Cauca State in 1858 and, using its resources (it included almost half of Colombia), led a victorious Liberal revolution in 1860-1861. Mosquera endorsed a massive assault on the Church which destroyed its wealth, much of which had maintained social welfare services for the masses. This measure, by ending mortmain, freed large tracts of property from a number of peculiarly binding mortgages and brought capitalism fully into being in Colombia.
After ruling as provisional president from 1861 to 1863, he was elected president for a year (May 1863 - April 1864). His fourth presidency was to have lasted from 1866 to 1868, but with his arbitrary closure of Congress, he was arrested on May 23, 1867, tried, and exiled to Peru (until 1870).
He never recovered his national stature, though he did retain his political base, serving again as president of Cauca State (1871 - 1873), his last major political office.
He died, close to Popayán, on October 7, 1878.
He was president of Colombia four times. The first time was as president of Republic of New Granada from 1845 to 1849. During the Colombian Civil War of 1860–1862 he led liberal forces in a civil war against conservative factions. After the liberals won, a new, federalist constitution was implemented, which established a two-year presidency, and the nation renamed the United States of Colombia. Mosquera served twice as president of the new government. From 1861 to 1862 he served in a non-elected, interim manner, while the constitution was written. From 1862 to 1864 he served in an elected manner. He had a fourth term from 1866 to 1867. Due to the liberal reforms carried out under his leadership, he is considered one of the most important persons in Colombian history of the 19th century.
In addition to a number of polemics, General Mosquera was the author of a biography of Bolivar (1853) and of three important works on Colombian geography. These, plus his abiding support of the natural sciences, won him election to many learned societies in Europe and the United States. Not only the Colombian best known to his contemporaries abroad, Mosquera was also the only military man in his country's history to achieve (for his brilliant destruction of an Ecuadorian invasion in December 1863) field marshal rank.
(Excerpt from Discurso del Presidente Provisorio de los Es...)
(This scarce antiquarian book is a facsimile reprint of th...)
(This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before ...)
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
(This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923. T...)
(Excerpt from Informe del Senador T. C. De Mosquera a las ...)
Mosquera was headstrong, ruthless, and vain to a fault; but his driving ambition and superior intelligence combined to make him the modernizer of Colombia.
General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera married twice. His first marriage was to Mariana Benvenuta Arboleda Arroyo, but it has been characterized as unhappy as a result of the frequent cheating of Mosquera, who had a number of children outside of marriage. When Mariana died, he contracted marriage on 1872 to María Ignacia Arboleda Arboleda. Mosquera was 78 at the time, and reportedly when he proposed to her he said, 'Would you like to be the widow of General Mosquera?' In total he had eight children.
President of Gran Colombia
Archbishop of Bogotá
diplomat
