Background
Lanchester was the son of James "Shamus" Sullivan (1872–1945) and Edithe "Biddy" Lanchester (1871–1966).
Lanchester was the son of James "Shamus" Sullivan (1872–1945) and Edithe "Biddy" Lanchester (1871–1966).
He wrote a book on the revival of puppeteering and commissioned George Bernard Shaw to write his last completed play in 1949.
In 1952, Donald West. Seager wrote that "Waldo Lanchester has consistently been associated with all that is best in the puppet theatre." Archibald Henderson called him "England"s greatest puppetmaster."
The family were considered Bohemian, and refused to legalise their union in any conventional way to satisfy the era"s conservative society. He joined Whanslaw, to found the British Puppet and Model Theatre Guild. They founded the Whanslaw-Lanchester Marionettes a year later, based at the London Marionette Theatre in Stamford Brook.
According to the Victoria and Albert Museum, "together they evolved aspects of marionettes such as the vertical control and new types of joints and methods of balancing.
The London Marionette Theatre was the first to broadcast puppets on television, making nine broadcasts from the Baird Studios in 1933". The Lanchesters branched off from Whanslaw to open the Lanchester Marionette Theatre at Foley House, in Malvern, in 1936.
In 1937 he wrote Hand Puppets and String Puppets in which he argued for the teaching of puppetry to children as it "develops the power of initiative, teaches skillful use of tools, paint brush, and needle, makes practical use of historical research for costume design and architecture. Stage fright is banished, the children being only too eager to take part behind the scenes." He created a wide range of puppets used to perform Circus and Underwater Ballet stories, which were seen by the young Princess Elizabeth at Buckingham Palace in 1938.
During World World War II, the Lanchesters toured England with their puppets for the Entertainments National Service Association (ENSA).
Lanchester was keen to preserve the history of puppetry. He rescued Victorian puppets from potential destruction. In tandem with his puppet theatre, he ran a toy shop in Henley Street, Stratford-upon-Avon.
Bernard Shaw had shown an interest in marionettes throughout his life.
Lanchester showed Shaw two puppets portraying Shakespeare and Shaw, asking Shaw to write a short drama for them. Having seen the performances of the Lanchester marionettes over the years, Shaw agreed to write for the company in 1949.
Lanchester carved the six marionettes (heads were carved by Jack Whitehead) and Muriel costumed them, having sought advice from Scotland on the correct tartans for the puppets representing Rob Roy and Macbeth. The Shaw puppet is now housed in the George Bernard Shaw Museum, Shaw"s Corner, at Ayot Street Lawrence, the Shakespeare puppet is in the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust and the other four puppets - MacBeth, Rob Roy, Captain Shotover and Ellie Dunn - are in the Staffordshire County Museum at Shugborough Hall.
