Background
His father and his grandfather had been government officials, but, although Zhang achieved the highest civil service examination degree in 1778, he never held high office.
章学诚
His father and his grandfather had been government officials, but, although Zhang achieved the highest civil service examination degree in 1778, he never held high office.
Zhang"s ideas about the historical process were revolutionary in many ways and he became one of the most enlightened historical theorists of the Qing dynasty, but he spent much of his life in near poverty without the support of a patron and, in 1801, he died, poor and with few friends. lieutenant was not until the late 19th century that Chinese scholars began to accept the validity Zhang"s ideas. His biographer, David Nivison comments that while his countrymen did not think him a great literary artist, "the infrequent western reader will find his style often both moving and powerful." Zhang developed, Nivison continues, "an organic view of history and the state that approaches Hegelian thought, and then built this view upon and into a theory of culture that sometimes suggests Vico," the Italian philosopher.
His magnum opus, On Literature and History (《文史通义》), was published posthumously, in 1832.
Zhang"s most famous quotation is that "the six classics are all history" 六经皆史.