Background
VISHNEVSKIY, Aleksandr was born on September 3, 1874 in village Chir-Yurt, Dagestan
VISHNEVSKIY, Aleksandr was born on September 3, 1874 in village Chir-Yurt, Dagestan
1894 graduate Astrakhan’ boys’ high school. 1899 graduate Medical Faculty, Kazan’ University.
From 1899 dissector, Chair of Anatomy and Operative Surgery, Kazan’ University. From 1912 professor, Surgical Clinic, Kazan’ University (now named for him). From 1934 director, Surgical Clinic, Centr Institute of Postgraduate Medical Training and All-Union Institute of Experimental Medical
From 1946 director, Institute of Surgery, Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics Academy of Medical Sciences (which now bears his name). Did clinical research on the surgery pf the bile tract, the urinary system, the thoracic cavity, neurosurgery and the surgery of war wounds and suppurative processes. Advanced hypothesis on the role of the nervous trophic system in the inflammatory process.
Proceeding from this, devised new methods of treating inflammations suppurative wounds and traumatic shock (with novocain block, vagosympathic block, balsam oil poultices, etc). Improved techniques for surgical treatment of mammary and rectal cancer. 1930 devised original method using creeping novocain infiltrate for local anesthesia in surgery.
This technique has been widely used in the Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics and abroad. His research on the effects of novocain on the course of pathological processes led him to study the entire problem of the nervous trophic system and nervism. One of first scientists to use Scchcnov-Pavlov nervism idea in clinical practice.
Established that novocain not only anesthetizes but also affects the nervous system and thereby the trophic system of the tissues. As a slight irritant, a novocain solution has a positive effeckt on inflammations and the healing of wounds. His second method — a balsam oil poultice — has also proved efficacious in treating wounds.
The poultice acts not only as an antiseptic medium but also, via the nervous system, has a beneficial effect on the tissues in the focus of inflammation. A combination of novocain and balsam oil poultice furnished a new method of treating inflammatory processes used in spontaneous gangrene of the legs, trophic ulcers, thrombophlebitis, abscesses, carbuncles, and other ailments. His new analgesic methods of treating wounds were used by the sov Army in World War 2.
1937 performed first lung resection under local anesthesia on a patient suffering from bronchiectasis. Chairman, Tatar Surgical Social. Chairman, Moscow Social of Surgeons.
Board member, All-Union Surgical Social.
Religion discourages exploration of science and universe by suppressing curiosity, and denies its followers a broader perspective.
Marxism–Leninism as the only truth could not, by its very nature, become outdated.
Member, Union of the Soviet Socialist Republics Academy of Medical Sciences from 1947.