( The Greek Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos (1864â...)
The Greek Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos (1864â1936) was one of the stars of the Paris Peace Conference, impressing many of the Western delegates, already possessed of a romantic view of 'the grandeur that was Greece', with his charm and oratorical style. He won support for his country's territorial ambitions in Asia Minor, the 'Great Idea' of a revived Hellenic empire controlling the Aegean and stretching to the Black Sea. Venizelos had won this support by bringing Greece into the war on the Allied side, but in doing so he had split his country, and in order to secure his government's position he had to deliver territorial gains at the expense of the Ottoman Empire. It was the Greek occupation of Asia Minor, however, that spurred the Turks to support Mustafa Kemal and resulted not in the creation of a Greater Greece but the modern Republic of Turkey. The conflict between Greece and Turkey began the tension between the two states that has continued for the past 90 years and is most clearly seen in the dispute over the divided island of Cyprus. The Paris Peace Conferences were where the modern Near East, with all its problems of competing nationalisms and ethnic divisions, was created, and Venizelos's Greece was the key player in this process.
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(Venizelos was in London at Claridge s Hotel in January, 1...)
Venizelos was in London at Claridge s Hotel in January, 1913. We were both invited to lunch by an old friend of his, Dr. Dillon, the well-known English journalist, whom he had known before he left Crete. I had of course known him by reputation, and had long admired the great man whom the Hellenic nation has produced in our day. Like everyone else, I had been struck by his brilliant and rapid career. Of his moral qualities I already knew something from a Roumanian friend, Prince Sebastian Morouzi, who had helped Venizelos with his rising in Crete. I had heard of his gentleness and goodness which concealed an extraordinary energy, backed by a brilliant intellect that was even more extraordinary. (Typographical errors above are due to OCR software and don't occur in the book.) About the Publisher Forgotten Books is a publisher of historical writings, such as: Philosophy, Classics, Science, Religion, History, Folklore and Mythology. Forgotten Books' Classic Reprint Series utilizes the latest technology to regenerate facsimiles of historically important writings. Careful attention has been made to accurately preserve the original format of each page whilst digitally enhancing the aged text. Read books online for free at www.forgottenbooks.org
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(This is a pre-1923 historical reproduction that was curat...)
This is a pre-1923 historical reproduction that was curated for quality. Quality assurance was conducted on each of these books in an attempt to remove books with imperfections introduced by the digitization process. Though we have made best efforts - the books may have occasional errors that do not impede the reading experience. We believe this work is culturally important and have elected to bring the book back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. This text refers to the Bibliobazaar edition.
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(Eleftherios Venizelos, Prime Minister of Greece 1910-1920...)
Eleftherios Venizelos, Prime Minister of Greece 1910-1920 and 1928-1932, is regarded by many as the creator of contemporary Greece and one of the main actors in European diplomacy during his time in office.This book draws on considerable new research and places the study of Venizelos' leadership in the broad setting of twentieth-century politics and diplomacy. The complex and often dramatic trajectory of Venizelos' career from Cretan rebel to an admired European statesman is charted in a sequence of chapters that survey his meteoric rise and great achievements in Greek and European politics amidst violent passions and tragic conflicts. Further chapters appraise in depth some critical aspects of his policies, while a conclusion offers a glimpse into a great statesman's personal and intellectual world.
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journalist jurist lawyer legislator politician translator Revolutionary
Eleftherios was born in Mournies, near Chania (formerly known as Canea) in then-Ottoman Crete to Benny Selon who provides the origin of the name Veni-zelos, and Styliani Ploumidaki. When the Cretan revolution of 1866 broke out, Venizelos' family fled to the island of Syros, due to the participation of his father in the revolution. They were not allowed to return to Crete, and stayed in Syros until 1872, when Abdülaziz granted an amnesty.
Eleftherios Kyriakou Venizelos was educated at the University of Athens, but he returned to practice law in his home-land and participate in a rebellion.
In 1888 Venizelos was elected to the Cretan assembly.
Following the 1897 insurrection that resulted in the expulsion of the Turks from Crete, he led the island's new national assembly, which proclaimed the union of Crete with Greece in 1905.
Meanwhile, Venizelos's activities had brought him to the attention of Greek political circles.
When the MilitaryLeague seized power in 1909, he was called to Athens, where he was put into office as a reforming prime minister under a revised constitution.
In the two Balkan Wars, with Greece first as the ally of and then as the opponent of Bulgaria, his foreign policy paid off in territorial gains for Greece. The onset of World War I, however, undermined Venizelos's position.
More importantly, Constantine was sympathetic to the Central Powers, whereas Greece's international commitments bound it to Serbia and to the Allies.
A subsequent election confirmed Venizelos's support in the country.
But his resumption of office in August only reemphasized the contradictions in Greek policy.
Bulgaria's mobilization that year forced the King to take similar measures; but Greece maintained its neutral stance, and when the Allies landed at Salonika (October 1915), Venizelos was out of office again. In September 1916 Venizelos returned to Crete to lead another rebellion, this one against Constantine.
His provisional government was recognized by the Allies, and his triumphal return to Athens in June 1917 was preceded by the abdication of Constantine.
Greece now openly sided with the Allies.
After the armistice, Venizelos departed for Paris, where, during the next 2 years, he reaped Greece's share of the spoils of war. Unfortunately, a new threat loomed on the horizon.
The Turkish nationalist movement led by Kemal Atatürk repudiated the concessions granted the Allies and Greece by Sultan Mohammed VI (Treaty of Sèvres, 1920).
This meant continued war with Greece.
Venizelos's defeat in the election of November 1920 was followed by the recall of Constantine.
Venizelos signed the Treaty of Lausanne with Turkey (1923).
Venizelos soon found himself confronted with the popular demand to abolish the monarchy.
Despite his difficulties with that institution, he could not agree to the formation of a republic; and with its proclamation in 1924, he was once more exiled from office.
By 1935 a movement to restore the monarchy had gained sufficient power to bring King George II to the throne.
In Crete, the elderly Venizelos, by now a republican, once more raised the standard of revolt.
( The Greek Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos (1864â...)
(Eleftherios Venizelos, Prime Minister of Greece 1910-1920...)
(This is a pre-1923 historical reproduction that was curat...)
(Venizelos was in London at Claridge s Hotel in January, 1...)
Under these unstable conditions Venizelos entered into politics in the elections of 2 April 1889 as a member of the island's liberal party.
In December 1891 Venizelos married Maria Katelouzou, daughter of Eleftherios Katelouzos. The newlyweds lived in the upper floor of the Chalepa house, while Venizelos' mother and his brother and sisters lived on the ground floor. There, they enjoyed the happy moments of their marriage and also had the birth of their two children, Kyriakos (el) in 1892 and Sofoklis in 1894. Their married life was short and marked by misfortune. Maria died of post-puerperal fever in November 1894 after the birth of their second child. Her death deeply affected Venizelos and as sign of mourning he grew his characteristic beard and mustache, which he retained for the rest of his life.
After his defeat in the November elections of 1920 he left for Nice and Paris in self-imposed exile. In September 1921, twenty-seven years after the death of his first wife Maria, he married Helena Stephanovich Schilizzi (el) (sometimes referred to as Elena Skylitsi or Stephanovich) in London.
Prime Minister of Greece, Prime Minister of the Cretan State, Minister of Justice and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Cretan State, Minister of Justice of the Cretan State
