Sancta Sophia and Troitza: A Tourist's Notes on the Oriental Church (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from Sancta Sophia and Troitza: A Tourist's Notes...)
Excerpt from Sancta Sophia and Troitza: A Tourist's Notes on the Oriental Church
The kind favor with which the essay has been received, encourages the hope that in its present form it may not be without interest to a wider circle of friends of the.
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Correspondence Between Raplph Waldo Emerson And Herman Grimm
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This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.
As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
The Peace Conference at the Hague, and Its Bearings on International Law and Policy
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Frederick William Holls was an American lawyer and publicist. He was a senior member of the firm of Holls, Wagner & Burghard.
Background
Frederick William Holls was born on July 1, 1857 in Zelienople, Pennsylvania, United States. His father, George Charles Holls, a native of Darmstadt, Germany, and a Lutheran clergyman, emigrated in 1851 to Ohio, where he devoted his life to scientific poor relief and particularly to the care of orphan children. His wife was Johanna Louise Burx.
Education
Holls was educated at Columbia College, receiving the degrees of Bachelor of Arts (1878) and Bachelor of Law.
Career
Holls was admitted to the bar and later opened a law office in New York City, where by dint of hard work he succeeded in building up an important practice, chiefly among clients of German descent. At the time of his death he was senior member of the firm of Holls, Wagner & Burghard.
Although unsuccessful in 1883 in his candidacy on the Republican ticket for state senator, he attracted the attention of political leaders who later frequently made use of his ability as a campaign speaker. He was a delegate to the New York constitutional convention in 1894, where as chairman of the committee on education he procured the adoption of an amendment prohibiting the use of public funds for religious schools, but he held no other elective office.
The legal firm of which he was a member on several occasions represented the German government; it had a branch in Germany, and Holls made frequent trips to Europe, where he made the acquaintance of leaders of public opinion. When Czar Nicholas II proposed, in 1899, an international peace conference, Holls determined that the United States should participate and brought to bear upon the Administration all the resources of his political influence and of his vigorous personality. A strong delegation was chosen of which Holls was made secretary. In this capacity he displayed unexpected resources as an expert in international law and as a negotiator. His familiarity with several languages and his wide acquaintance with European personages were important assets to the American group.
At a critical stage in the proceedings, when German opposition threatened to prevent the adoption of a scheme of international arbitration, Holls was sent secretly to Berlin, where he succeeded in converting opposition into support. "Mr. Holls, " the Paris correspondent of the London Times later wrote, "contributed so largely and with such fervent zeal to the creation of the International Court that it may be fairly said that in no small measure it owed its existence to him. " He was a member of the committee which drafted the arbitration treaty.
His book, The Peace Conference at the Hague and Its Bearings on International Law and Policy (1900), although hurriedly prepared, was pronounced by an authority "fair and unbiased and in the highest degree interesting. " He also contributed an account of the conference to the New York Independent, December 28, 1899. In his remaining years Holls was principally devoted to promoting better relations between Germany and the United States, and in bringing about a better understanding between Americans of German descent and their fellow citizens.
His unquestioned patriotism did not preclude an interest in European affairs which, far from being merely sentimental, carried with it the duty of promoting international goodwill. In the midst of a busy professional life he found time for the cultivation of literary, artistic and philosophical interests. His publications included Franz Lieber: Seine Leben und Seine Werke (1884); Sancta Sophia and Troitsza (1888), a collection of travel sketches; a pamphlet advocating compulsory voting (1891); and Correspondence between Ralph Waldo Emerson and Herman Grimm (1903). In editorial notes to a translation of Gustav Rümelin's Politics and the Moral Law (New York, 1901), while denouncing the ideas of "barrack-trained pseudophilosophers especially in Germany who have attempted to regard war as a positive good, " he sympathized with Rumelin's claim that the Law of Love has no application in the conduct of a state, and that "an unqualified obligation on the part of a state to observe treaties made or recognized by it cannot be maintained. "
Holls's philanthropic activities included participation in the work of the Legal Aid Society and the Charity Organization Society, and in tenement house reform. Death came to him suddenly in 1903 as the result of an accident.
Achievements
Holls went down to history as a prominent lawyer and publicist. He is best remembered as a delegate at large constitutional convention, New York, and Chairman of Commission on education. He was the author of amendments prohibiting public aid to sectarian schools, providing for civil service reform and separate State and municipal elections. Holls's important accomplishments were also in the field of international politics, such as his participation in the Peace Conference.
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Politics
Holls was a member of the Republican Party. In politics he was not blinded by reforming zeal to what was practicable; his philosophy was realistic.
Personality
Holls held strong opinions which he did not hesitate to assert, and seemed on chance acquaintance somewhat aggressive, but his friends knew him as a charming companion and a gracious host.
Interests
Music & Bands
Holls was a lover of music and an accomplished organist.
Connections
On February 20, 1889, Holls was married to Caroline M. Sayles, the daughter of Frederic C. Sayles of Rhode Island.