Reports Comprising the Survey of the Cook County Jail
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A Partial Collection of Cases and Other Authorities on the Law of Mortgage (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from A Partial Collection of Cases and Other Auth...)
Excerpt from A Partial Collection of Cases and Other Authorities on the Law of Mortgage
Mortgage, but this is not. Prohibited by the King's Court, although it considers such a pledge as a species of Usury. Hence, if any one die having such a pledge, and this be proved after his death, his property shall be disposed of no otherwise than as the Effects of a Usurer.
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Select Cases and Other Authorities on the Law of Mortgage, Vol. 1 (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from Select Cases and Other Authorities on the La...)
Excerpt from Select Cases and Other Authorities on the Law of Mortgage, Vol. 1
Arty which was perfectly identified, and that there could be no change in the property subject to the obligation, except by a new.
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Select Cases and Other Authorities on the Law of Mortgage, Vol. 3 (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from Select Cases and Other Authorities on the La...)
Excerpt from Select Cases and Other Authorities on the Law of Mortgage, Vol. 3
In 1830 the interest on these mortgages being geatly in arrear, the defendants turned the plaintiff and his family out o t e prem lees, sold the cm s and took and retained ossession o e roper y. Ithe Woodhead property was advertised for sale, but no sale was e ected.
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Readings in the Law of Real Property: An Elementary Collection of Authorities for Students 1900
(Originally published in 1900. This volume from the Cornel...)
Originally published in 1900. This volume from the Cornell University Library's print collections was scanned on an APT BookScan and converted to JPG 2000 format by Kirtas Technologies. All titles scanned cover to cover and pages may include marks notations and other marginalia present in the original volume.
Select Cases and Other Authorities on the Law of Mortgage, Vol. 2 (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from Select Cases and Other Authorities on the La...)
Excerpt from Select Cases and Other Authorities on the Law of Mortgage, Vol. 2
In that alwa s when a mort 11 ee dies and makes no devise of the lands d i, e h in e the shall 0 to the executor. And in London there is E? This special custom, that lan s in mortgage are always reckoned the per.
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George Washington Kirchwey was an American law educator, criminologist, and penologist. He served as a Dean of Columbia Law School from 1901 to 1910, warden of Sing Sing State Prison from 1915 to 1916 and head of the department of criminology of New York School of Social Work from 1918 to 1932.
Background
George Washington Kirchwey was born on July 03, 1855 in Detroit, Michigan, United States, the oldest of four children (two boys and two girls) of Michael and Maria Anna (Lutz) Kirchwey. His parents were both of German birth; his father, who had fled his native Prussia after taking part in the revolution of 1848, was engaged in the livestock and wholesale meat business in Detroit, and later in Chicago and Albany, New York.
Education
Kirchwey attended private and public schools in Chicago and Albany, graduating as class valedictorian from the Albany high school in 1875. Entering Yale College the same year, he received the Bachelor of Arts degree with high honors in 1879. After studying law at Yale and the Albany Law School, he was admitted to the New York bar.
Career
Kirchwey practiced the law in Albany for about ten years but he did not find this a satisfying career. From 1887 to 1889 he served as editor of historical documents for the State of New York and then accepted the deanship of the Albany Law School, where he also taught jurisprudence and the law of contracts. He moved to New York City in 1891 to join the faculty of the Columbia Law School and became dean in 1901.
During these years he published two volumes of case studies (1899 - 1902) and edited a book of readings on the law of real property (1900). He was a pioneer in using the case system as a pedagogical method and was regarded as the most popular member of the faculty. Again, however, he failed to find lasting fulfillment in his work. Resigning his deanship in 1910, though continuing to teach, he became increasingly involved in social welfare activities.
Kirchwey's legal work had brought him in contact with a number of welfare organizations, among them the New York Prison Association, to whose executive committee he was elected in 1907. He thus developed a broad familiarity with the treatment of criminals, both before and after conviction. In New York, as in the country at large, prison reform was in a state of flux; the use of the repressive Auburn system among adult offenders was ending, and new ideas were being applied in the handling of youthful delinquents and mature felons alike. Kirchwey was particularly impressed by the efforts of Thomas Mott Osborne, who as warden at Sing Sing instituted a system of self-government among inmates similar to one he had earlier employed with juveniles in the George Junior Republic.
Kirchwey helped draft the national platform of the Progressive party in 1912 and ran unsuccessfully that year as a Progressive for judge of the New York Court of Appeals. He served on the New York State Commission on Prison Reform in 1913-1914, and when Osborne temporarily stepped down at Sing Sing in 1915, pending an investigation of politically motivated charges against his conduct in office, Kirchwey was named as his replacement. He thus assured the continuation of Osborne's experiments until the latter was vindicated in the courts and reinstated the following year.
In 1916, at sixty-one, Kirchwey resigned his professorship of law, and in 1917 he joined the faculty of the New York School of Philanthropy, which had been strengthening its social welfare curriculum under the leadership of Edward T. Devine. When it reorganized in 1918 and changed its name to the New York School of Social Work, Kirchwey became head of its department of criminology. In this post, which he held until his retirement in 1932, he trained a large corps of probation, welfare, and correctional workers, again using the case method. He was one of the first presidents of the American League for the Abolition of Capital Punishment, organized in 1927. Kirchwey served on commissions investigating the penal systems of New Jersey and Pennsylvania and directed a notable survey of the operations of the Cook County Jail in Chicago.
Kirchwey did not confine his energies to penal reform. An advocate of peace and international law, he was a delegate to the International Peace Congress in Geneva in 1912. In 1918-1919 he was the New York director of the United States Employment Service, which had the task of finding jobs for approximately 100, 000 World War I veterans. Becoming interested in the potential of the cinema as a force for public education, he served for a number of years on the governing committee of the National Board of Review of Motion Pictures, from 1933 to 1940 as chairman. His long career brought him numerous honors, including the presidency of the American Institute of Criminal Law and Criminology (1917). He died at the age of eighty-six at his home in New York City of a cerebral hemorrhage, and was buried in Kensico Cemetery, Valhalla, New York.
Achievements
George Washington Kirchwey played an important role in establishing the study of criminology in the United States as a scientific discipline and in fighting for methods of penal treatment based upon rehabilitative care rather than deterrence. He also contributed articles on criminology and related subjects to a variety of publications.
(Originally published in 1900. This volume from the Cornel...)
Views
Kirchwey's philosophy of penal reform was strongly influenced by his religious outlook as a Unitarian and by his innate compassion and optimism. Although he acknowledged some of the contributions made by Cesare Lombroso and the positivist school, he disagreed with their emphasis upon the existence of a criminal "type. " He supported instead the views of British penologist Charles Goring and others, who asserted that lawbreakers must be understood as individuals whom adverse circumstances had set apart from society. An outspoken critic of the administration of justice in America, which he regarded as "the disgrace of our American civilization, " Kirchwey hoped that a public made aware of archaic prison practices would force the establishment of rational, human procedures. He also spoke frequently against capital punishment.
Membership
From 1922 onward Kirchwey was a director of the National Society of Penal Information, which ultimately merged with the Welfare League Association to form the Osborne Association, a clearinghouse for data on prisons and other correctional institutions. He was a president of the American Peace Society, 1915-1917.
Connections
Kirchwey married Dora Child Wendell of Albany, daughter of a Methodist minister, on October 31, 1883. The couple had four children: Karl Wendell, Dorothy Browning, Freda, who became editor and publisher of the Nation, and George Washington, Jr. , who died at an early age.