(This book was digitized and reprinted from the collection...)
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(Elasticity Plasticity)
Elasticity Plasticity
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Harold Malcolm Westergaard was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, the son of Harald Ludvig Westergaard and Thora Alvida (Koch) Westergaard. His father was professor of economics and statistics and his grandfather, professor of oriental languages, at the University of Copenhagen.
Westergaard received his first degree in engineering in 1911 at the Royal Technical College in Copenhagen, where he worked under Asger Ostenfeld, with whom he kept in close touch until his death in 1931. Westergaard pursued graduate studies at Göttingen under Ludwig Prandtl and at Munich under August F"ppl until 1914, when he received a fellowship of the American Scandinavian Foundation to work toward the Ph. D. at the University of Illinois in Urbana. He received the degree in 1916.
With a strong recommendation from Ostenfeld, he became an instructor in theoretical and applied mechanics at Illinois. He was promoted successively to assistant professor in 1921, associated professor in 1924, and professor in 1927. In 1925 he received belatedly the degree of Doktor-Ingenieur from the Technische Hochschule in Munich. His work for that degree was completed in 1915, but World War I delayed the publication of his thesis for ten years. His dissertation, as explained in a letter written in 1926 to Ostenfeld, was dedicated to his former teacher "as a modest sign of the gratitude I feel toward you. " Westergaard's most productive years were the two decades he spent in Urbana. Many of his nearly forty papers and monographs published during that period are models of the lucid presentation of solutions to important practical engineering problems and are still widely referred to. The most influential of these papers include "Moments and Stresses in Slabs, " written with W. A. Slater and published in Proceedings of the American Concrete Institute, 1921, Vol. 17, and in Reprint and Circular Series No. 32 of the National Research Council; "Buckling of Elastic Structures, " in Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 1921, Vol. 47; "Computation of Stresses in Bridge Slabs Due to Wheel Loads, " in Public Roads, March 1930; and "Water Pressure on Dams During Earthquakes, " in Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 1931, Vol. 57. In 1936 Westergaard left Illinois to become Gordon McKay professor of civil engineering at Harvard. In 1937 he became dean of the Graduate School of Engineering at Harvard, in which position he served until 1946, when he returned to full-time academic and research work. In 1936 he was commissioned a lieutenant commander in the Civil Engineers Corps, United States Naval Reserve, and served intermittently on active duty from 1942 to 1946, when he retired with the rank of captain. He did not live to complete the latter part of Theory of Elasticity and Plasticity, a textbook begun early in 1949 and published posthumously in 1952 by the Harvard University Press as Harvard Monographs in Applied Science Number 3. Nevertheless, the number of his publications that are of the highest quality and influence is at least as great as that of any of his peers. After a long illness, Westergaard died on June 22, 1950 and was buried in Belmont, Massachussets.
He made important contributions to engineering design as a consultant and adviser to the United States Bureau of Reclamation (work on structural and geophysical aspects of Hoover Dam and Lake Mead); the United States Navy Bureau of Yards and Docks; the Bureau of Public Roads (design of highway pavements and highway bridge slabs); and, in his later years, the Army Chief of Engineers (on airfield pavements), and the Panama Canal. His scholarly contributions were recognized by the award of the Wason Medal from the American Concrete Institute in 1921, the J. James R. Croes Medal from the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1934, and the Thomas Fitch Rowland Prize of the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1950. His other honors included the honorary degrees of Dr. Techn. of the Royal Technical College in Copenhagen, in 1929, and D. Sc. , Lehigh University, 1930, as well as election as a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Although Westergaard's most notable contributions to engineering were in the areas of stress analysis, particularly of plates and slabs, he was one of the great scholars in America in engineering mechanics and the mathematical theory of elasticity. Because of his meticulous scholarship and his unwillingness to publish anything that was not complete and perfect, his publications were not as numerous as those of some of his contemporaries.
(This book was digitized and reprinted from the collection...)
(Elasticity Plasticity)
With his unusual physical insight and his analytical ability, Westergaard was able to present in his classroom lectures as well as in his papers new and refreshing approaches to engineering mechanics.
Westergaard was a striking figure, intellectually brilliant and physically strong. He once referred jokingly to his Viking heritage, when someone mentioned England, that "I have a fatherly interest in the English. "
On September 15, 1925, Westergaard married Rachel Harriet Talbot, the daughter of Arthur Newell Talbot, who had just retired from the University of Illinois as professor and head of the department of municipal and sanitary engineering, where he also was in charge of theoretical and applied mechanics. The Westergaards had two children: a daughter, Mary Talbot, born in 1927; and a son, Peter Talbot, born in 1931.
