Background
Joseph Theodore Dickman was born on October 6, 1857 at Dayton, Ohio, United States; the son of Theodore and Mary (Weinmar) Dickman.
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Joseph Theodore Dickman was born on October 6, 1857 at Dayton, Ohio, United States; the son of Theodore and Mary (Weinmar) Dickman.
Dickman graduated from the U. S. Military Academy in 1881, and was commissioned second lieutenant in the 3rd Cavalry. He was an honor graduate of the Infantry and Cavalry School at Fort Leavenworth in 1883.
Until the war with Spain Dickman's service was chiefly in the West, where he participated in the campaign against Geronimo and aided in suppressing disturbances along the Mexican border.
He was promoted to first lieutenant, January 18, 1886, and to captain, May 27, 1898. As a staff officer of Wheeler’s cavalry division, he took part in the Santiago campaign, and as major and lieutenant-colonel of a volunteer infantry regiment, in operations against Filipino insurgents in the island of Panay. He was chief of staff of the American forces in China, after the taking of Peking, and was discharged from his volunteer commission, May 13, 1901.
In due course he was promoted to major in 1906, lieutenant-colonel in 1912, and colonel in 1914, serving meanwhile with his regiment and for a time as an inspector-general. He was appointed brigadier-general in the regular army May 1917, and major-general in the emergency forces, August of 1917. He first commanded the 85th Division at Camp Custer, Michigan, and later the 3rd Division at Camp Greene, North Carolina, and in France. With the latter he went into the battle sector on the south bank of the Marne, June 2, 1918, and commanded it in battle on July 15 and in the repulse of the last great German offensive. He commanded the IV Corps from August 18 to October 12, and the I Corps from then until after the Armistice, assisting in the reduction of the Saint Mihiel salient and the Meuse-Argonne operations. On November 15 he was assigned to the command of the III Army, organized it for the occupation of Germany, and remained with it until April 28, 1919.
He was made major-general in the regular army, January 9, 1919, and retired, October 6, 1921.
His narrative of the World War, The Great Crusade (1927), is not such a rhetorical effusion as its title might suggest, but a simple straightforward account of military operations, clearly and entertainingly written.
Dickman took part in the Santiago campaign, and in operations against Filipino insurgents in the island of Panay and was one of the original members of the General Staff. Decorations for his services in the war were conferred on him by the United States, Great Britain, France, Italy, Belgium, and Panama.
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Dickman's somewhat heavy and unexpressive features masked a shrewd and active mind whose qualities had already been tested in duties of widely varying character.
On September 26, 1882 Dickman married Mary Rector of Fort Smith, Arkansas.
