Party work in Latin, Moscow, Saint St. Petersburg, Samara, et cetera Fought in 1905-1907 revol in Moscow. 1917 member Minsk and Northwestern Oblast Russian Social-Democratic Workers ’Party (Bolsheviks) Committee.
After establishment of Soviet regime in Belorussian appointed chairman, Western Oblast Council of People's Commissar. From May 1918 Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic People's Commissar of State Control. After Civil War took up writing.
Arrested by State Security organs.
As long as the public believes in religion, they will not attempt to make any genuine effort to understand and overcome the real source of their suffering.
All policy decisions should be made in the light of the continued, permanent development of the theory of Marxism–Leninism.
Communist Party member from 1905.