The best circles: Society etiquette and the season
("Social life for the middle and upper classes of the Vict...)
"Social life for the middle and upper classes of the Victorian and Edwardian eras pivoted around a regular calendar of events - 'the season'. Leonore Davidoff probes beneath the glitter and ceremony of these social events to reveal that they were much more than an enjoyable way of filling in time - they were also a highly effective way of linking family life with public life and allocating a 'place' and 'position' to people in society."
Thicker than Water: Siblings and their Relations, 1780-1920
(Thicker than Water is a pioneering history of sibling rel...)
Thicker than Water is a pioneering history of sibling relationships in the long nineteenth century, from the last decades of the eighteenth to the first decades of the twentieth. The principal focus is on Britain, the first major capitalist society, and its middle classes, who were at the core of the nascent new order. It was their extensive family networks that provided the capital, personnel, skills, and contacts crucial to the rapidly expanding commercial and professional enterprises of the Victorian era.
Leonore Davidoff was a feminist historian and sociologist who pioneered new approaches to women's history and gender relations, helping to create the Feminist Library in London and founding the academic journal, Gender & History.
Background
Ethnicity:
Her parents were impoverished Jewish immigrants from eastern Europe.
Leonore Davidoff was born on January 31, 1932, in New York City, New York, United States; the second of four children of Ida Davidoff, an early supporter of women’s rights, and Leo Davidoff, a neurosurgeon. Her brother and older sister were also doctors. Leonore's family moved from Brooklyn to New Canaan, Connecticut, when Leonore was eight.
Education
Leonore attended a local school in New Canaan, Connecticut. She then began studying music at Oberlin College Ohio, but switched to sociology. Concerned about the increasingly repressive political climate of the United States, Leonore decided to pursue her postgraduate studies in Britain, and in 1953 began a Master of Arts degree at the London School of Economics. Her dissertation "The Employment of Married Women" was a foundation to her life's work in the research field of women's history. Leonore received her Ph.D. from the University of Essex in 1983.
Davidoff was awarded an honorary doctorate in 2000 by the University of Bergen.
Leonore began her career teaching part-time, briefly in Birmingham, then in London. In 1962 she joined the staff of the Lucy Cavendish College. When her husband, David, was appointed in 1968 as a professor of sociology at the University of Essex, Leonore began working there as a research officer in the sociology department, studying domestic service and household management. She became a lecturer in social history there in 1975 and taught on the UK’s first MA in women’s history. In 1990 was made a research professor, retiring a few years later. During her life, Leonore also held visiting professorships and fellowships at American, Australian and European universities.
In the early 70s Davidoff was a key figure in the Feminist History Group in London and helped to create the Women’s Research and Resources Centre that later became the Feminist Library. She became internationally known, especially as the founding editor of Gender and History from 1987.
Davidoff authored several books, such as "The Best Circles: Society, Etiquette and The Season", "Words: Women's History and Women's Work", "Worlds Between: Historical Perspectives on Gender and Class” but her "Family Fortunes: Men and Women of the English Middle Class 1780-1850" (1987), co-authored with Catherine Hall, is the most famous one. The book focuses on the middle class and the relationship between the family, the economy and religious belief. It provides two case studies – one rural (East Anglia), one urban (Birmingham) – and puts forward new ideas about how men operated in the public world and women in the private domestic sphere.
Among her other works are two books co-written with former students: Our Work, Our Lives, Our Words (1986) with Belinda Westover, and The Family Story: Blood, Contract and Intimacy (1999) with Megan Doolittle, Janet Fink and Katherine Holden.
Davidoff's research included also work on Arthur Munby relating to the servant theme and a new perspective on the family, The Separation of Home and Work? Landladies and lodgers in 19th and 20th century. Her last book was on siblings, Thicker than Water (2012).
Leonore Davidoff made an immense contribution to gender history and social history internationally. Davidoff’s groundbreaking studies advanced understanding of women’s history and the complexities of gender relations.
Her book Family Fortunes, written with Catherine Hall, is a brilliant demonstration of the new insights which gender perspectives can yield. Her work drew on her lifetime experience of gender relations and her courageous search for a space to develop her own imaginative originality.
Davidoff played a central role in establishing the International Federation for Research in Women’s History, an organisation including over 26 member countries.
Quotations:
“Ever since my post-graduate thesis on married women’s work, I have been interested in the way gender and class have framed the way the home, family, and economy have been perceived and experienced in the modern period. In particular, the domestic service, neither fully part of family life nor of the waged sector, illustrates how ambiguous and incomplete our understanding remains about the way our present society divides personal and public life and how this differs for women and men. My perspective on gender relations has inevitably influenced the journal Gender and History which I founded in 1989.”
Membership
Social History Society
British Sociological Association
founder
Fawcett Society
Women’s Research and Resources Centre
Personality
Leonore Davidoff was a woman of imagination, courage and beauty. An inspirational figure, she was sought out by research students and colleagues from all over the world, yet remained an accessible, welcoming figure.
Interests
walking
Sport & Clubs
swimming, bicycling
Connections
Leonore had met David Lockwood in her first year at London School of Economics and in 1954 they married. With the births of their three sons, Benjamin, Matthew, and Harold, for some years she had no institutional research basis and her life revolved around her new family. Professionally she and Lockwood did not forge an intellectual partnership: his thinking continued to centre on class, and he never accepted gender as a major social dimension.