Education
Born in Martinsburg, West Virginia to James Lingan and Emily Strother, he attended the Shenandoah Valley Academy from 1873 to 1876. After a year at the Virginia Military Institute, he moved to the Stevens Institute of Technology, where he graduated in mechanical engineer in 1883.
Career
Randolph started his career working for various railroads as test engineer and made it superintendent of motive power of the Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad. In 1893 he was appointed Professor of Mechanical Engineering from 1893 at Virginia Technical, where he retired in 1918. From 1902 to 1913 he had also been Head of the department of Mechanical Engineering, and from 1913 to 1918 Dean of the Department of Engineering.
In the 1895 article "The Economic Element in Technical Education," Randolph advocated "the discussion of the commercial side of engineering problems, and the undesirability of making computations to an unnecessary degree of precision." At Virginia Technical there is the Randolph Hall named after him and there is a Randolph chair for mechanical engineer
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Membership
Randolph was Member of the American Society of Civil Engineers since his election on May 2, 1888.