Monolithic Axes and Their Distribution in Ancient America, Volumes 2-3
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Archeological Specimens From New England (Classic Reprint)
(Excerpt from Archeological Specimens From New England
In...)
Excerpt from Archeological Specimens From New England
In the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, is a pestle of this type from a burial place at Burrs Hill, near Providence, Rhode Island; it is inches long, and is quite cylindrical (see fig. 1, a). The animal head is somewhat pitted, being the original pecked surface of the stone, while the pecked surface of the rest of the cylinder has been polished down. The ears are prominent, but the eyes are not represented.
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The Earliest Notices Concerning the Conquest of Mexico by Cortés in 1519, Volume 9
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Marshall Howard Saville was an American archaeologist from Massachussets. He also was a director of an important private museum in New York, the Museum of the American Indian (Heye Foundation).
Background
Marshall Howard was born on June 24, 1867 in Rockport, Massachussets, United States. He was the eldest of the five children of Howard and Mary (Marshall) Saville. His father was a railroad employee. Young Saville became interested in archeology through contact with a local amateur collector.
Education
Saville was graduated from the Rockport high school.
Career
After graduating Marshall Howard secured an assistantship in the Peabody Museum, Harvard, where he came under the influence of Frederic W. Putnam, the outstanding American archeologist of the time. His field training was obtained while working with Putnam, excavating mounds in Ohio. At Putnam's suggestion Saville prepared for a collecting career in Middle America.
His professional career began with a collecting trip to Yucatan in 1890 under the auspices of the Peabody Museum of American Archiology and Ethnology, Harvard University. This was in the nature of a trial trip for the purpose of becoming acquainted with the then undeveloped Mayan field of research. The experience gained on this expedition and his initial success led to his spending the years 1891 to 1892 in the study of the now famous ruined city of Copan, Honduras. One object of this expedition was to gather materials and information for an exhibit at the World's Columbian Exposition, Chicago, in 1893. To Saville were assigned the installation and direction of the Mexican and Middle American archeological exhibits during this exposition.
From 1889 to 1894 he was an assistant in the Peabody Museum, Harvard, and was then appointed assistant curator in anthropology in the American Museum of Natural History, New York.
In 1897 he was sent upon a collecting expedition by the American Museum to the well-known Maya ruins of Palenque in Chiapas, Mexico, where he made casts of sculptures and secured important archeological collections.
In 1899 he began a series of excavations, conducted periodically until 1904, at Mitla and Monte Alb n in Oaxaca and Xochicalco in Morelos, Mexico. Among his notable finds near Mitla were certain cruciform tombs; a model of such a tomb was constructed under his direction and was placed on exhibition in the American Museum of Natural History, New York. During these years of active field work the Duc de Loubat was a patron of Saville's explorations and, wishing to advance his studies further, he endowed a professorship in archeology at Columbia University, with the request that Saville be appointed to fill the chair.
Accordingly he was designated the first Loubat Professor of American Archiology in 1903, but continued to serve as curator of Mexican and Central American archeology at the American Museum of Natural History until 1907. Teaching in a university seems to have been distasteful to him, however, and after 1908 he ceased to offer courses in archeology, devoting all of his time to field collecting and study.
Joining the staff of the Museum of the American Indian, New York, in 1910, he extended his collecting excursions to Colombia and Ecuador, South America.
His own publications were not numerous, but were accurate and informing as descriptions of artifacts and discourses on technology. Among the best known are: The Antiquities of Manabi, Ecuador: A Preliminary Report (1907); The Antiquities of Manabi, Ecuador: Final Report (1910); The Goldsmith's Art in Ancient Mexico (1920).
He died in his sixty-eighth year in New York City.
Saville was a corresponding member of the Royal Academy of History of Spain.
Personality
Saville was a dynamic personality, a good conversationalist, and at times witty. He spoke Spanish and French and read Italian and German. In appearance he was tall and impressive. One of his special abilities was salesmanship, to which he owed a large part of his success in securing patrons for his explorations and otherwise endowing himself. He had a remarkable memory for the titles of books and memoirs on the ethnography and archeology of Latin America; consequently he was an authority on the literature for his special field of research.
He possessed a large private library in which nearly all of the rare books and papers relative to these subjects were to be found.
Connections
On June 14, 1893, Saville married Annie W. Lyon of Salem, Massachussets, by whom he had two sons, Randolph M. and Winthrop L.