Background
Tomioka Tessai was born on January 27, 1837 in Kyoto, Japan. His real name was Yusuke, which he later changed.
He was the second son of Tomioka Korenobu, who sold sacerdotal robes. Because his hearing was not good his parents decided he should be a scholar, rather than a merchant.
Education
Tomioka Tessai was educated as a scholar in classical Chinese philosophy and literature and the ancient Japanese classics under noted kokugaku scholar Okuni Tadamasa. He also studied the Japanese classics, Confucianism, the doctrines of the Chinese scholar Wang Yang-ming, and also Buddhism and poetics. For a time, he studied with the Buddhist nun and poetess Otagaki Rengetsuni and was influenced by her philosophical attitude toward life. Although he received basic lessons in painting from Osumi Nanko and Ukita Ikkei, he studied painting essentially by himself.