William Sturgis Bigelow was an American physician, orientalist and collector of Japanese art. He donated about 75, 000 objects of Japanese art to the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
Background
William Bigelow was born on April 4, 1850, in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. He was the son of Henry Jacob Bigelow and grandson of Jacob Bigelow, eminent physicians of Boston. An only child, he was left solitary by the early death of his mother, Susan Sturgis, whose loss he felt severely, and he grew to manhood shy and retiring.
Education
William passed through Harvard College with class of 1871 without special distinction, and then took up the study of medicine. In the course of his work he developed a keen interest in the purely scientific aspects of medicine, the more practical phases of a practitioner's routine being distasteful to him. After graduating from the Harvard Medical School in 1874, he went abroad for five years. He studied first in the clinics at Vienna in company with Frederick C. Shattuck of Boston. He spent a year or more with Pasteur, acquiring an intimate knowledge of bacteriological technique. He was much influenced by Ranvier, the professor of histology, and also by Waldeyer, with whom he passed the summer of 1878 in Strassburg.
Career
Bigelow returned to Boston in 1879 with great enthusiasm for bacteriology, and set up a private laboratory in Pemberton Square. His father, however, gave him no encouragement in his investigations and prevailed upon him to take the post of surgeon to out-patients at the Massachusetts General Hospital, and as this gave him little opportunity for developing bacteriological interests his laboratory had to be discontinued. Few men could have had less taste for surgery than the sensitive Bigelow, and it was not long before he gave up entirely all thoughts of practise.
In 1882 he left for Japan in order to divert his mind, and there spent seven years without break, collecting works of art, and studying the language, philosophy, and religion of a race which was then little known in the western world. Largely as a result of his activities in collecting, the Boston Art Museum now possesses the richest collection of Japanese works of art to be found anywhere in the world, not excepting Japan. While in the East, he also became interested in Northern Buddhism and devoted himself to a study of its philosophy. In 1908 he delivered his Ingersoll Lecture on Buddhism and Immortality, which helped to bring to the western world an understanding of Buddhistic philosophy.
Bigelow published two scientific papers: "Notiz über den Theilungsvorgang bei Knorpelzellen, sowie über den Bau des Hyalinknorpels, " after his association with Waldeyer, and "The Study of Bacteria and their Relation to Disease, " published during his service at the Massachusetts General Hospital. Short discussions by him are also to be found in the Boston Medical and Surgical Journal.
Membership
Bigelow was a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.