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Achille Murat was born on January 21, 1801, in the Hôtel de Brienne in Paris, France, the elder son of Joachim Murat and Caroline (Maria Annunciata Carolina Buonaparte) Murat. When Joachim was created Grand Duke of Berg and Cleves (1806), Achille became heir apparent to the duchies; and when in 1808 his father was made King of Naples, Achille became the crown prince.
His education was suitable to his rank.
After Joachim's defeat by the Austrians at Tolentino, May 3, 1815, Caroline and her children took refuge at Trieste, where the mother lived as the Countess Lipona (Napoli). After the father's death, the widow and her children removed to Schloss Hamburg, thence in 1817 to Frohsdorf near Vienna. The Neapolitan Revolution (1820) naturally threw suspicion upon them, and to avoid persecution Achille determined to emigrate to the United States.
After three months in Hamburg, where he spent almost half his fortune, he arrived in New York on May 19, 1823. According to the story he later related to Hortense Bonaparte, after visiting Joseph Bonaparte in New Jersey, he sailed for Spain to join the Constitutionalist party, but after spending 40, 000 francs fruitlessly, returned to the United States.
At Washington in 1824 Murat met Richard Keith Call, territorial representative of Florida in Congress, who advised him to settle in that region. Murat went to Tallahassee, near which he bought and developed the plantation known as "Lipona. "
In 1827, Murat made a northern tour; on the vessel from St. Augustine to Charleston he met Emerson, with whom he conversed on philosophical and political subjects, and with whom he later corresponded. At Point Breeze they visited Joseph Bonaparte whom Murat later served as agent in Europe. In Florida Murat took an active part in the life of the rising community about Tallahassee.
He was admitted to the bar in 1828; he was active in promoting the Florida Institute of Agriculture, and in developing the resources of the country; and he held various minor offices, including a postmastership. At this period he regarded himself as an American; his Lettres sur les États-Unis . .. un de ses amis d'Europe (1830) addressed to Count Thibeaudeau and originally printed in the Revue Trimestrielle (1828), are a republican manifesto to Europe. From these later developed his important Esquisse morale et politique des États-Unis de l'Amérique du Nord (1832), a philosophic account of American institutions.
The Revolution of July took Murat to Europe, and though, on leaving Florida, he informed his fellow citizens that it was his duty as a Frenchman to support the present government of France, he did not expect the July monarchy to endure and hoped to advance the fortunes of the Bonapartes, with whose Parisian agents he was in correspondence. His arrival in London in 1830 alarmed Metternich, and he was unable to penetrate the Continent farther than Belgium, where he was compelled to give up the command of a regiment which had been given him.
Murat spent some time in London (1831), where they were socially popular, and then returned to Florida to resume their life there. His Exposition des principes du gouvernement républicain, tel qu'il a été perfectioné en Amérique (Paris, 1833), widely distributed on the Continent, was regarded by the reactionaries as a dangerous work. He served in the Seminole War as aidede-camp to General Call and was later commissioned colonel and appointed to the command of the frontier. Achille Murat died on April 15, 1847, and was buried with Masonic ceremony in the Episcopal cemetery at Tallahassee, Florida.
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Achille Murat was active in St. Augustine society by joining the Masonic lodge and dabbling in local politics.
An editorial in the Floridian (April 17, 1847) justly speaks of him as "a man of great eccentricity of character, " but "gifted with a high order of mind, which was enriched by solid literary acquirements, withal a most interesting and agreeable companion. " In person Achille Murat is said to have resembled Napoleon.
On July 12, 1826, Achille Murat married Catherine Daingerfield Willis, daughter of Byrd C. Willis of Virginia and a great-grandniece of Washington. They did not have any children.
Joachim-Napoléon Murat was a Marshal of France and Admiral of France under the reign of Napoleon.
Maria Annunciata Carolina Murat (Buonaparte) was the seventh surviving child and third surviving daughter of Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino, and a younger sister of Napoleon I of France.
Catherine Daingerfield Murat (Willis) was an American socialite.
Lucien Charles Joseph Napoléon, Prince Français, Prince of Naples, 2nd Prince de Pontecorvo, 3rd Prince Murat was a French politician, and the sovereign Prince of Pontecorvo between 1812 and May 1815.
Ralph Waldo Emerson was an American essayist, lecturer, philosopher, and poet who led the transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century.
