Background
William Ashley was born in Chesterfield County, Virginia.
His date of birth has been given variously as 1778, 1782, and 1785; modern scholarship tends to accept the earliest date.
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William Ashley was born in Chesterfield County, Virginia.
His date of birth has been given variously as 1778, 1782, and 1785; modern scholarship tends to accept the earliest date.
He was educated at St Olave's grammar school and Balliol College, Oxford, and became a fellow of Lincoln College.
From Virginia young Ashley migrated to Missouri.
Ashley's advertisement encouraged a number of the most famous of the trappers and mountain men to enter the trade.
While working for Ashley, Jedediah Smith brought back news of South Pass; Ashley took wagons over it and later explored parts of the Colorado River Valley.
Ashley claimed to support Andrew Jackson, but at the same time he favored the Second Bank of the United States.
In 1826 Ashley sold his interest in the trade and turned to the less risky business of supplying the trading companies.
He was reelected to Congress in 1832 and 1834.
At the close of his third term he ran a second time for the Missouri governorship but lost to Lilburn Boggs.
In 1888 he was appointed professor of political economy and constitutional history in Toronto University, a post which he resigned in 1892, in order to become professor of economic history at Harvard University.
In 1925, Ashley retired from the Birmingham University chair of Commerce that he had occupied since 1901. Despite being now very elderly and supposedly retired for the benefit of his health, he was once again instrumental in the founding of a major movement; The Economic History Society. When Eileen Power came to organise the economic history session at the second Anglo-American Historical Conference at the Institute of Historical Research in July 1926, two strands fell carefully together. Ashley was to give a paper on "the place of economic history in university studies" and there was to be discussion of, as Eileen Power put it, "the new Economic History Society and the Economic History Review and other methods of promoting the subject".
He died on 23 July 1927, and his picture hangs in the National Portrait Gallery.
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In 1832 he married Elizabeth M. Wilcox.