Career
His nickname is a corruption of a Modoc name meaning Left-handed Manitoba After the plot to assassinate the peace commissioners was carried out, Shacknasty surrendered, and his band went onto the Quapaw Agency Lands. Shacknasty then served as a scout who helped the United States Cavalry hunt down the remaining Modoc warriors.
Shacknasty Jim died of tuberculosis at the Quapaw Agency.
His great-granddaughter is the author Cheewa James.
